C’est toujours cool de travailler avec une invite de commande, un fichier de commandes, etc. J'aime toujours beaucoup travailler avec l’invite de commandes et automatiser les choses avec des fichiers de commandes. Dans cet article, je vais vous énumérer Commandes WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) qui serait utile pour exécuter une requête dans Windows à des fins diverses.
Ligne de commande de Windows Management Instrumentation ou WMIC
WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) est l’infrastructure permettant de gérer les données et les opérations sur les systèmes d’exploitation Windows. Vous pouvez écrire des scripts ou des applications WMI pour automatiser des tâches administratives sur des ordinateurs distants, mais WMI fournit également des données de gestion à d'autres parties du système d'exploitation et des produits, par exemple, System Center Operations Manager.
Les commutateurs globaux suivants sont disponibles:
/NAMESPACE Path for the namespace the alias operate against.
/ROLE Path for the role containing the alias definitions.
/NODE Servers the alias will operate against.
/IMPLEVEL Client impersonation level.
/AUTHLEVEL Client authentication level.
/LOCALE Language id the client should use.
/PRIVILEGES Enable or disable all privileges.
/TRACE Outputs debugging information to stderr.
/RECORD Logs all input commands and output.
/INTERACTIVE Sets or resets the interactive mode.
/FAILFAST Sets or resets the FailFast mode.
/USER User to be used during the session.
/PASSWORD Password to be used for session login.
/OUTPUT Specifies the mode for output redirection.
/APPEND Specifies the mode for output redirection.
/AGGREGATE Sets or resets aggregate mode.
/AUTHORITY Specifies the for the connection.
/?[:] Usage information.
Pour plus d'informations sur un commutateur global spécifique, tapez: nom-commutateur /?
Les alias / es suivants sont disponibles dans le rôle actuel:
ALIAS - Access to the aliases available on the local system
BASEBOARD - Base board (also known as a motherboard or system board) management.
BIOS - Basic input/output services (BIOS) management.
BOOTCONFIG - Boot configuration management.
CDROM - CD-ROM management.
COMPUTERSYSTEM - Computer system management.
CPU - CPU management.
CSPRODUCT - Computer system product information from SMBIOS.
DATAFILE - DataFile Management.
DCOMAPP - DCOM Application management.
DESKTOP - User's Desktop management.
DESKTOPMONITOR - Desktop Monitor management.
DEVICEMEMORYADDRESS - Device memory addresses management.
DISKDRIVE - Physical disk drive management.
DISKQUOTA - Disk space usage for NTFS volumes.
DMACHANNEL - Direct memory access (DMA) channel management.
ENVIRONMENT - System environment settings management.
FSDIR - Filesystem directory entry management.
GROUP - Group account management.
IDECONTROLLER - IDE Controller management.
IRQ - Interrupt request line (IRQ) management.
JOB - Provides access to the jobs scheduled using the schedule service
LOADORDER - Management of system services that define execution dependencies.
LOGICALDISK - Local storage device management.
LOGON - LOGON Sessions.
MEMCACHE - Cache memory management.
MEMORYCHIP - Memory chip information.
MEMPHYSICAL - Computer system's physical memory management.
NETCLIENT - Network Client management.
NETLOGIN - Network login information (of a particular user) management.
NETPROTOCOL - Protocols (and their network characteristics) management.
NETUSE - Active network connection management.
NIC - Network Interface Controller (NIC) management.
NICCONFIG - Network adapter management.
NTDOMAIN - NT Domain management.
NTEVENT - Entries in the NT Event Log.
NTEVENTLOG - NT eventlog file management.
ONBOARDDEVICE - Management of common adapter devices built into the motherboard (system board).
OS - Installed Operating System/s management.
PAGEFILE - Virtual memory file swapping management.
PAGEFILESET - Page file settings management.
PARTITION - Management of partitioned areas of a physical disk.
PORT - I/O port management.
PORTCONNECTOR - Physical connection ports management.
PRINTER - Printer device management.
PRINTERCONFIG - Printer device configuration management.
PRINTJOB - Print job management.
PROCESS - Process management.
PRODUCT - Installation package task management.
QFE - Quick Fix Engineering.
QUOTASETTING - Setting information for disk quotas on a volume.
RDACCOUNT - Remote Desktop connection permission management.
RDNIC - Remote Desktop connection management on a specific network adapter.
RDPERMISSIONS - Permissions to a specific Remote Desktop connection.
RDTOGGLE - Turning Remote Desktop listener on or off remotely.
RECOVEROS - Information that will be gathered from memory when the operating system fails.
REGISTRY - Computer system registry management.
SCSICONTROLLER - SCSI Controller management.
SERVER - Server information management.
SERVICE - Service application management.
SHADOWCOPY - Shadow copy management.
SHADOWSTORAGE - Shadow copy storage area management.
SHARE - Shared resource management.
SOFTWAREELEMENT - Management of the elements of a software product installed on a system.
SOFTWAREFEATURE - Management of software product subsets of SoftwareElement.
SOUNDDEV - Sound Device management.
STARTUP - Management of commands that run automatically when users log onto the computer system.
SYSACCOUNT - System account management.
SYSDRIVER - Management of the system driver for a base service.
SYSTEMENCLOSURE - Physical system enclosure management.
SYSTEMSLOT - Management of physical connection points including ports, slots and peripherals, and proprietary connections points.
TAPEDRIVE - Tape drive management.
TEMPERATURE - Data management of a temperature sensor (electronic thermometer).
TIMEZONE - Time zone data management.
UPS - Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) management.
USERACCOUNT - User account management.
VOLTAGE - Voltage sensor (electronic voltmeter) data management.
VOLUME - Local storage volume management.
VOLUMEQUOTASETTING - Associates the disk quota setting with a specific disk volume.
VOLUMEUSERQUOTA - Per user storage volume quota management.
WMISET - WMI service operational parameters management.
Pour plus d'informations sur un alias spécifique, tapez: alias /?
CLASS - Escapes to full WMI schema. PATH - Escapes to full WMI object paths. CONTEXT - Displays the state of all the global switches. QUIT/EXIT - Exits the program.
Voici un exemple:
La commande QFE est quelque chose que j'utilise souvent pour connaître la liste des correctifs logiciels ou des mises à jour de sécurité appliquées sur le système.
Usage:
Ouvrez l'invite de commande et tapez wmic qfe. Cela vous donnera la liste!
Sortie:
Caption CSName Description HotFixID InstalledBy https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=161784 CAPTAINDBG Update KB971033 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM https://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=2079403 CAPTAINDBG Security Update KB2079403 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM https://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=2207566 CAPTAINDBG Security Update KB2207566 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM https://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=2281679 CAPTAINDBG Security Update KB2281679 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM https://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=2286198 CAPTAINDBG Security Update KB2286198 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM https://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=2296011 CAPTAINDBG Security Update KB2296011 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM
